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Fig. 4 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 4

From: Immune response in piglets orally immunized with recombinant Bacillus subtilis expressing the capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2

Fig. 4

Effect of orally administered recombinant B. subtilis-Cap on ileal immunocompetent cells. Piglets were immunized as described above, then boosted on day 35 and sacrificed on the day 39. Ileum tissues were fixed with Bonn’s liquid, embedded in paraffin and sectioned to 5 μm thickness, the sections were subjected to hematoxylin–eosin staining or immunohistochemistry. a Distribution of IgA-secreting cells in piglet ileums (Magnification, × 40) and the average IOD of IgA-secreting cells distributed in piglet ileums. The IgA-secreting plasma cells, rounded with a deep yellow-brown nucleus (black arrows), were located mainly in the submucosa. b Distribution of IELs in ileums (Magnification, × 40) and the average of number of IELs counted per dose group. The IELs (black arrows) are located between intestinal epithelial cells, and beneath the intercellular tight junctions at the basal region of the epithelium. c, d, and e Distribution of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in piglet ileums (Magnification, × 40). The average IOD of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the ileums are displayed in the histogram. Photomicrographs showing representative CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes which are stained a deep yellow-brown (black arrows). The average IOD was calculated from ten separate fields of ileum from each piglet, using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. The error bars represent standard deviations. * 0.01 < p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 (compared to the Ctrl group)

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