Regulating cell fate of human amnion epithelial cells using natural compounds: an example of enhanced neural and pigment differentiation by 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid

Table 1 Top upregulated genes in D7 TCQA-treated hAECs (vs D7 control) *

Gene symbol	Gene name	Biological function	Fold-change	P value**
p21	Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1	Tumor suppressor; Cell cycle arrest	4.71	0.005
DYNC1H1	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1 inhibitor 2	Tumor suppressor; Cell cycle arrest	2.74	0.028
CTNNB1	Catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Melanocytes stem cells differentiation; Neural differentiation; pigmentation	2.66	0.040
TCF4	Transcription factor 4	Canonical Wnt signaling pathway activation	2.48	0.005
VCAN	Versican	Intercellular signaling; Regulation of differentiation	2.27	0.031
CDKN1	Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1	Tumor suppressor; Cell cycle arrest	2.22	0.004
BMP5	Bone morphogenetic protein 5	Neural crest cell survival; dendritic growth; Keratinocyte and skin stem regulation	2.12	0.002
DMKN	Dermokine	Regulator of keratinocyte differentiation	2.07	0.002
MC1R	Melanocortin 1 receptor	Melanin biosynthetic process; pigmentation; pigment cell regulation	2.02	0.047
GATA2	GATA binding protein 2	Nervous system development; Neuron and dendritic cell differentiation; Wound healing	1.91	0.025
NDUFS2	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S2	Oxidation–reduction process, ATP synthesis	1.85	0.021
FOXRED1	FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 1	Oxidation–reduction process, ATP synthesis	1.77	0.001

*Genes functions were obtained from NCBI. **ANOVA was performed to assess the level of significance between groups

ISSN: 1478-811X