Fig. 6

TLR4 regulates inflammation through STAT3 signaling in vitro and in vivo. PMs from TLR4^mut mice or wild type mice were challenged with LPS for 0.5 or 6 h. a The mRNA expression levels of the indicated genes were measured by RT-PCR (n = 4 per group; results are the mean ± SEM; one-way ANOVA test). b Immunoblotting for STAT3 signaling molecules in macrophages (n = 3 per group). c, d Lung tissue H&E staining (c, n = 4 per group; scale bar: 50 μm) and lung injury score (d, n = 10). e Immunoblot analysis of STAT3 expression in lung tissues (n = 3 per group). f Survival analysis at 96 h (n = 12 mice per group; Kaplan-Meier survival analysis). **P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05 (wild type versus wild type + LPS; WT CLP versus TLR4^mut CLP); ##P < 0.01 and #P < 0.05 (wild type + LPS versus TLR4^mut + LPS; WT CLP versus TLR4^mut CLP)