From: Autophagy in cancers including brain tumors: role of MicroRNAs
Brain tumor | miRNA | Expression | Effect (s) on autophagy | Target (s) | Study outcome (s) | Model | Cell line | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GBM | miR-93 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | BECN1/Beclin 1, ATG5, ATG4B, SQSTM1/p62 | Autophagy inhibition increased antitumor effects of Rap, IR, and TMZ on glioma stem-like cells | In vitro, In vivo | U87 | [237] |
miR-30a | Up | Inhibit autophagy | Beclin 1 | MiR-30a over-expression increased the cytotoxicity of TMZ to U251 cells | In vitro | U251 | [225] | |
miR-224-3p | Up | Inhibit autophagy | ATG5 | Mir-224-3p suppressed metastasis. It also enhanced the chemo-sensitivity of LN229 cells in hypoxic conditions through autophagy suppression | In vitro, In vivo | LN229 | [238] | |
miR-17 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | ATG7 | The activation of autophagy by anti-miR-17 led to a decrease of the threshold resistance at temozolomide doses in T98G cells. Modulation of miR-17 led to sensitization to low dose ionizing radiation in U373-MG cells | In vitro | T98G, U373-MG | [115] | |
miR-340 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | XIAP, BMI1, ROCK1 | MiR-340 reduced cell growth, inhibited cell motility, and regulated glioma development | In vitro | U87MG, U251MG, U373, A172, U118, T98G, SHU-44 | [239] | |
miR-224-3p | Up | Inhibit autophagy | ATG5, FIP200 | MiR224-3p increased hypoxia-induced apoptosis, inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy, reduced cell proliferation in vitro, inhibited tumorigenesis of GBM cells in vivo | In vitro, In vivo | U251, U87 | [232] | |
miR-517c | Up | Inhibit autophagy | Tp53 | Mir-517c suppressed autophagy and decreased tumor invasion | In vitro, In vivo | U251, U87 | [240] | |
miR-7-1-3p | Up | Inhibit autophagy | PKCa, mTOR, SQSTM1, p62, XIAP | MiR-7-1-3p over-expression potentiated silibinin & luteolin to induce apoptosis and inhibit autophagy | In vitro, in vivo | U87MG, T98G | [230] | |
miR-138 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | LC3-II, BIM | MiR-138/BIM axis regulated autophagy-mediated resistance to TMZ | In vitro, In vivo | LN-18, LN-229, LN-308, LN-319, LN-428, D247MG, A172, U87MG, T98G | [241] | |
miR-155-3p | Up | Activate autophagy | LC3B-II, SQSTM1 | MIR155-3p enhanced hypoxia-induced autophagy through targeting the CREBRF-CREB3-ATG5 pathways | In vitro, In vivo | U251, T98G | [242] | |
miR-30e | Up | Inhibit autophagy | Beclin-1 | Combination of proanthocyanidin and miR-30e suppressed sodium sulfite-induced autophagy | In vitro | GSC, SNB19 | [243] | |
miR-128 | Up | Activate autophagy | mTOR, RICTOR, IGF1, PIK3R1 | MiR-128 directly blocked mTOR pathway and induced glioma cell death | In vitro | Hs683, M059K, U87MG | [244] | |
miR-590-3p | Up | Activate autophagy | LC3-II, Beclin-1, | TMZ combined with endothelial-monocyte actuating polypeptide II inhibited malignant phenotype of GSCs through miR-590-3p/MACC1 suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways | In vitro, In vivo | U87, U251 | [245] | |
Scwannoma | miR-21 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | LC3-II, Beclin-1 | Ailanthone-induced autophagy & apoptosis, suppressed proliferation of vestibular schwannoma cells | In vitro | vestibular schwannoma | [234] |
miR-210 | Up | Activate autophagy | P62, elf4E | Inhibition of miR-210 promoted tumor cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, decreased angiogenesis, and activated autophagy | In vitro | RT4-D6P2T | [246] | |
Medulloblastoma | miR-30a | Up | Inhibit autophagy | LC3B, Beclin-1 | Mir-30a inhibited tumorigenicity and growth of medulloblastoma cell lines, and suppressed autophagy | In vitro, In vivo | Daoy, D283, D425 | [236] |
Let-7f-1 | Up | Inhibit autophagy | HMGB1 | SPARC regulated cisplatin resistance by regulating the Let-7f-1 miRNA/HMGB1 axis | In vitro, In vivo | D425 UW228 | [247] | |
Glioma | miR-193a-5p | Up | Activate autophagy | LCII/LCI, Beclin-1 | CASC2 is down-regulated in glioma, leading to enhanced levels of miR-193a-5p and decreased expression of mTOR, resulting in increased autophagy | In vitro | U257, U87 | [248] |
Astrocytoma | miR-224-3p | Up | Inhibit autophagy | ATG5 | HIF-1α/miR-224-3p/ATG5 axis influenced chemosensitivity and cell mobility through modulating hypoxia-mediated autophagy | In vitro, In vivo | U-251MG | [245] |