Fig. 5

MLN4924 activated autophagy by modulating NF-κB-Catalase-ATF3 axis. a MLN4924 inhibited the activation of NF-κB pathway. EC1 and Kyse450 Cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of MLN4924 for 48 h and subjected to IB analysis for the expression of IκBα, p-IκBα, NEDD8. Actin was used as an equal loading control. b The effect of inhibition of NF-κB pathway caused by MLN4924 treatment was on both Catalase and ATF3 expression. EC1 and Kyse450 cells were transfected with control or siIκBα for 24 h and then treated with 0.6 μmol/L MLN4924 for 48 h. Knockdown efficiency and IκBα, p-IκBα and catalase were assessed by IB analysis. c Downregulation of IκBα by siIκBα remarkably increased proliferation inhibition compared with MLN4924 alone. EC1 and Kyse450 cells were transfected with control or IκBα siRNA for 48 h and then treated with 0.6 μmol/L MLN4924 for 48 h. d Schema of the mechanism for MLN4924-induced protective autophagy in ESCC