Wnt5a-induced M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages via IL-10 promotes colorectal cancer progression

Table 1 Correlation between the ratio of Wnt5a⁺CD68⁺/CD68⁺ macrophages and clinicopathologic parameters (n = 63)

Parameters	n (%)	Wnt5a⁺CD68⁺/CD68⁺ ratio (n)		χ² value	P value
Parameters	n (%)	Low (n = 32)	High (n = 31)	χ² value	P value
Gender				0.024	0.877
Male	38 (60.32)	19	19
Female	25 (39.68)	13	12
Age (years)				1.905	0.167
<60	29 (46.03)	12	17
≥ 60	34 (53.97)	20	14
Tumor site				0.013	0.910
Colon	35 (55.56)	18	17
Rectum	28 (44.44)	14	14
Tumor size (cm)				0.386	0.535
<5	41 (65.08)	22	19
≥ 5	22 (34.92)	10	12
Tumor grade				1.932	0.165
Poor	38 (60.32)	22	16
Moderate/Well	25 (39.68)	10	15
LVI				5.773	0.016
Absence	30 (47.62)	20	10
Presence	33 (52.38)	12	21
PNI				1.905	0.167
Absence	34 (53.97)	20	14
Presence	29 (46.03)	12	17
TI				6.719	0.010
T1–2	15 (23.81)	12	3
T3–4	48 (76.19)	20	28
LNM				7.014	0.008
N0–1	31 (49.21)	21	10
N2–3	32 (50.79)	11	21
TNM stage^#				9.908	0.002
I/II	33 (52.38)	23	10
III	30 (47.62)	9	21
CEA (ng/ml)				0.128	0.721
<5	44 (69.84)	23	21
≥ 5	19 (30.16)	9	10

Notes: Bold indicates P < 0.05; #The 7th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. Abbreviations: LVI Lymphovascular invasion; PNI Perineural invasion; TI, tumor invasion; LNM Lymph node metastasis; TNM Tumor-node-metastasis; CEA carcinoembryonic antigen; CD68 Cluster of differentiation 68; Wnt5a Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5a

ISSN: 1478-811X