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Table 2 miRNAs involved in the regulation of cardiac fibrosis mediated by TGFβ/WNT signaling pathways

From: TGF-β and WNT signaling pathways in cardiac fibrosis: non-coding RNAs come into focus

miRNAs

Expression (up/down)

Function

model

Anti- fibrotic Pro-fibrotic

Reference

miR-378

Down

Activate RTK, GRB-2/TGFβ

AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs

Anti

[179]

miR-101a

Down

Suppress TGFβ receptor I,

p-Smad3

MI, hypoxia/rat

Anti

[180]

miR-145

Up

Suppress TGFβ receptor II

Smooth muscle cells;

Ang II/mouse

Anti

[181]

miR-675

Down

Suppress TGFβ receptor I

TGFb /mouse CFs

Anti

[182]

miR-10a

Up

Activate TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway

Rat CFs

Pro

[183]

miR-15

Up

Suppress TGFβ receptor I, p38, endoglin, Smad3/7

TAC/mouse

Anti

[184]

miR-9

Down

Suppress TGFβ receptor II

High glucose/human CFs

Anti

[185]

miR-223

Up

Suppress RASA1 /Activate RAS and smad signaling pathways

MI/ Rat CFs

Pro

[186]

MiR-323a-3p

Up

Suppress TIMP3/ActivateTGF-β pathway

AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs

Pro

[187]

miR-202-3p

Down

Suppress TRPM6, TGFβ1, Smad2 and p- Smad2

Rat myocardial ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury

Anti

[188]

miR-433

Up

Activate TGFβ1, ERK, p38 kinase and Smad3

MI/mice

Pro

[189]

miR-29b

Down

Suppress Smad3 signaling

MI/Rat

Anti

[190]

miR-495

Down

Suppress NOD1, NF-κB and TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways

High glucose/human CFs

Anti

[191]

miR-154

Up

Suppress GSK-3β/ Activate WNT signaling

Human CFs

Pro

[192]

miR-154

Up

Suppress DKK2/ Activate WNT signaling

Human CFs

Pro

[193]

miR-199a

Up

Suppress secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5)

ISO, Rat CFs

Pro

[194]

miR-503

Up

Activate connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and TGF-β

AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs

Pro

[195]