From: TGF-β and WNT signaling pathways in cardiac fibrosis: non-coding RNAs come into focus
miRNAs | Expression (up/down) | Function | model | Anti- fibrotic Pro-fibrotic | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-378 | Down | Activate RTK, GRB-2/TGFβ | AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs | Anti | [179] |
miR-101a | Down | Suppress TGFβ receptor I, p-Smad3 | MI, hypoxia/rat | Anti | [180] |
miR-145 | Up | Suppress TGFβ receptor II | Smooth muscle cells; Ang II/mouse | Anti | [181] |
miR-675 | Down | Suppress TGFβ receptor I | TGFb /mouse CFs | Anti | [182] |
miR-10a | Up | Activate TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway | Rat CFs | Pro | [183] |
miR-15 | Up | Suppress TGFβ receptor I, p38, endoglin, Smad3/7 | TAC/mouse | Anti | [184] |
miR-9 | Down | Suppress TGFβ receptor II | High glucose/human CFs | Anti | [185] |
miR-223 | Up | Suppress RASA1 /Activate RAS and smad signaling pathways | MI/ Rat CFs | Pro | [186] |
MiR-323a-3p | Up | Suppress TIMP3/ActivateTGF-β pathway | AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs | Pro | [187] |
miR-202-3p | Down | Suppress TRPM6, TGFβ1, Smad2 and p- Smad2 | Rat myocardial ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury | Anti | [188] |
miR-433 | Up | Activate TGFβ1, ERK, p38 kinase and Smad3 | MI/mice | Pro | [189] |
miR-29b | Down | Suppress Smad3 signaling | MI/Rat | Anti | [190] |
miR-495 | Down | Suppress NOD1, NF-κB and TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways | High glucose/human CFs | Anti | [191] |
miR-154 | Up | Suppress GSK-3β/ Activate WNT signaling | Human CFs | Pro | [192] |
miR-154 | Up | Suppress DKK2/ Activate WNT signaling | Human CFs | Pro | [193] |
miR-199a | Up | Suppress secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) | ISO, Rat CFs | Pro | [194] |
miR-503 | Up | Activate connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and TGF-β | AngII, TAC/mouse; CFs | Pro | [195] |