Fig. 1
Impairment of presynaptic vesicle release in CBH rats 8 W following 2VO surgery. a TTC staining was used to identify brain ischaemia in rats at 8 W after 2VO. Red represents normal tissue and white represents infarct tissue. b fMRI brain images of rats at 8 W after 2VO. fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging. c Schematic diagram showing the placement of the recording (CA1) and stimulating electrodes (CA3) in hippocampal slices. d Comparison of I-O curves between sham and 2VO rats. F (14, 196) = 15.011, P < 0.002. n = 8 rats. e Fold-change differences in the fEPSP amplitude between the 2VO and sham groups. PLevene = 0.713, Student’s t-test: P = 0.003. n = 8. f Scatter plot summarizing the PPR in sham and 2VO rats. Right Insertion: sample of fEPSP traces in the sham and 2VO rats with a 40 ms ISI stimulated by 60 μA. χ2Mauchly = 520.339, F (18, 379) = 19.122, P < 0.0001. n = 8 slices for sham rats, n = 10 for 2VO rats. g Scatter dot plot showing the increased PPR in the 2VO rats compared with that in sham rats with a 40 ms ISI. Each dot represents one data point from one slice. PLevene = 0.073, Student’s t-test: P < 0.0001. h Diagram depicting a molecular model of the synaptic vesicle exocytosis process. i-j Expression of SNAP-25, syntaxin-1A, VAMP-2 and Syt1 proteins in the hippocampal synaptosomes of 2VO rats. n = 6 rats. SNAP-25: PLevene = 0.719, Student’s t-test, P = 0.0017; syntaxin-1A: PLevene = 0.002. Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test: P = 0.005; VAMP-2: PLevene = 0.843, Student’s t-test, P = 0.02; Syt1: PLevene = 0.477, Student’s t-test, P = 0.015. *P < 0.05. k-l Protein expression of Munc-13, Munc-18-1 and complexin 1/2 in hippocampal synaptosomes of 2VO rats. Student’s t-test, P > 0.05. m Relative mRNA levels of SNAP-25, syntaxin-1A, VAMP-2 and Syt-1 in the hippocampi of 2VO rats (Student’s t- test: SNAP-25, P = 0.025; syntaxin-1A, P = 0.303; VAMP-2, P = 0.361; Syt-1, P = 0.287). n = 6 rats. *P < 0.05 vs sham