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Fig. 1 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 1

From: The regulatory roles of neutrophils in adaptive immunity

Fig. 1

The regulatory effects of neutrophils on adaptive immune cells. Neutrophils regulate the adaptive immunity in direct and indirect manners. Neutrophils can migrate to dLNs and regulate T cell activation. Neutrophils promote T cell response via secreting the chemokines that attract T cells to the site of inflammation. Neutrophils can deliver antigens to DCs and make DCs more effective initiators of naive CD4+ T cell activation. Neutrophils in the dLNs localizing close to B cells accelerate plasma cell generation and antibody production associated with BAFF. Neutrophils in the spleen induce immunoglobulin class switching, somatic hypermutation and antibody production by activating MZ B cells through the productions of cytokines BAFF, APRIL and IL-21. NETs are composed of nuclear components such as DNA and histones and are decorated by proteins such as MPO and neutrophil elastase. NETs produced by neutrophils impact adaptive immunity by influencing DC maturation. NETs-stimulated pDCs via TLR9 induce anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody production and related autoimmunity

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