Cell types | Direct targets | Regulatory role | Biological process | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alveolar epithelial cells | Cox-2 | Activate | Prostaglandin synthesis Pulmonary inflammation | [44] |
Stfpa Stfpb | Activate | Surfactant production Differentiation | [13] | |
Jnk1 Axin2 | Activate | Canonical Wnt signaling | [14] | |
Airway epithelium cells | Spdef | Activate | Mucus production Differentiation | [65] |
Clara cells | Sox-2 Scgb1a1 | Activate | Differentiation | [67] |
Cancer cells (epithelial origin) | TOPO-2a | Activate | DNA repair | [45] |
STMN1 | Activate | Metastasis | [32] | |
Snail1 | Activate | EMT | [9] | |
MMP2 | Activate | Metastasis | [37] | |
Vimentin MMP-9 | Activate | EMT | ||
E-cadherin | Inhibit | EMT | ||
Twist | Activate | EMT | [47] | |
Ikbkb Nfkb2 | Activate | NF-KB pathway | [24] | |
N-Myc Pttg1 Cdkn2a | Activate | JNK pathway | [24] | |
Endothelial cells | Ctnnb1(β-catenin) | Activate | Adherens junctions | [80] |
Flk-1 FoxF1 | Activate | Vascular formation Pulmonary inflammation | [46] | |
Sfrp1 | Activate | Canonical Wnt signaling | [46] | |
Fibroblasts | RAD51 BRCA2 | Activate | DNA repair | [92] |
Epithelial cells Clara cells Tumor cells Endothelial cells Fibroblasts Smooth muscle cells | Cyclin A Cyclin B Cyclin D PLK1 Skp2 Cks1 Cdc25A Cdc25B AURKB Survivin CENPA CENPB | Activate | Cell cycle regulation | |
Monocytes/Macrophages | CCR2 CX3CR1 | Activate | Recruitment of macrophages/monocytes to induce pulmonary inflammation | [65] |
Macrophages | HMMR (CD168) | Activate | Altered migratory cell behavior Pulmonary inflammation | |
mDCs | GM-CSFR/CD86 MHCII | Activate | Antigen presentation | [65] |
Neutrophils | Eotaxins (CCL11,24) CX3CL1 | Activate | Chemoattraction | [65] |