Fig. 4
From: Gut ghrelin regulates hepatic glucose production and insulin signaling via a gut-brain-liver pathway
Gut ghrelin increases HGP through AMPK inhibition. a Schematic of the working hypothesis. b Experimental procedure and clamp protocol. Ghrelin was infused with or without AICAR, an AMPK activator, through a duodenal catheter. c Representative western blots of AMPK in the mucosal layer of the duodenum. d Gut ghrelin infusion decreased the GIR. When duodenal ghrelin was co-infused with AICAR, the effects of ghrelin on GIR were abolished. GIR, glucose infusion rate. Values are shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. other groups. (n = 7 per group)