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Table 2 Exosomal cargos detected in HCC and their target and clinical relevance

From: Exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma: a new horizon

Exosomal cargos

Target

Biological/clinical relevance

Reference

(1) miRNA

 miRNA

TAK1

Facilitated tumorigenesis

[104]

 miR-1247-3p

B4GALT3

Converted normal fibroblasts to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)

[114]

 miR-122

 

Suppressed HCC cells growth and proliferation

[115]

 miR-320a

PBX3

Suppressed CAFs proliferation

[118]

 miR-335-5p

 

Inhibited HCC cells proliferation

[119]

 miR451,miR223, miR24,miR125b miR31,and miR122

 

Inhibited HCC cells growth and stimulated apoptosis

[120]

 miR-103

 

Facilitated tumor metastasis

[122]

 miR-32-5p

PTEN

Induced multidrug resistance in Bel7402 cells

[131]

(2) lncRNA

 lncRNA H19

 

Promoted angiogenesis

[109]

 TUC339

 

Promoted HCC proliferation and spread

[116]

 linc-RoR

miR-145

Increased HCC cells viability and promoted HCC cells survival

[117]

 lncRNA FAL1

miR-1236

Promoted Huh7 and HepG2 cells proliferation and metastasis

[123]

 linc-VLDLR

ABCG2

Leaded to acquired chemoresistance in HCC cells

[133]

(3) Proteins

 proteins

 

Facilitated tumorigenesis in normal hepatocytes

[106]

 Vasorin

 

Promoted angiogenesis

[108]

  1. TAK1 transforming growth factorβactivated kinase-1, B4GALT3 β-1,4-galactosyltransferases, PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog, PBX3 pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 3, ABCG2 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G member 2