Fig. 3

PRL3 affects the structure of the plasma membrane and localizes to caveolae. In all experiments, PRL3 expression was induced by the addition of doxycycline to the culture media for 24 h. a, b Analysis of PRL3 localization by plasma membrane isolation or by confocal imaging. c GP value changes upon PRL3 expression. Membrane order was assessed by the addition of the membrane incorporating dye di-4-ANNEPDHQ. Data is expressed as the mean of the GP values of at least 80 plasma membrane segments (SEM). * p < 0.001 tested by Student t-test. d PRL3 localizes to the Caveolin 1-rich submembrane fraction in doxycycline-induced B16F0-PRL3 cells e, f Representative TEM images of the membrane of B16F0-PRL3 cells with or without doxycycline induction: e non-induced B16F0-PRL3 cells show an intact caveolae morphology (resolution: 15000X), f PRL3-expressing B16F0 cells show elongated caveolae-like membrane formations (resolution: 15000X). Caveolae-like structures are indicated with arrows