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Fig. 5 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 5

From: Wnt3a ligand facilitates autophagy in hippocampal neurons by modulating a novel GSK-3β-AMPK axis

Fig. 5

Wnt3a ligand increases autophagic puncta in hippocampal neurons. The micrographs show representative neurons stained with the Cyto-ID probe and MAP1B to visualize autophagosomal compartments after 4 h of culture at 37 °C under the following culture conditions: control neurons (a); Wnt3a ligand, (b); rapamycin, (c); and Wnt3a ligand plus rapamycin (d). Green puncta on neurons were quantified (see white arrow). Compared with the control, treatment with Wnt3a ligand produced a 2-fold increase, while both rapamycin alone and co-treatment with Wnt3a ligand plus rapamycin produced a similar 3-fold increase over the control. The data are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent experiments, (20–25 neurons for each condition and normalized with the control). **p < 0.001; ***p < 0.0001. The scale bar represents 10 nm

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