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Table 1 Published studies using transwell membranes for investigation of cell contact-dependent intercellular transfer

From: A transwell assay that excludes exosomes for assessment of tunneling nanotube-mediated intercellular communication

Purpose of experiment

Pore size of the transwell filter

Reference

Effect of the transwell filter

Observations/Conclusions

Transfer of HIV-1 virions between Jurkat T cells

3000 nm

[14] Sowinski et al., 2008

Negative

Decreased HIV-1 transfer

Transfer of apoptotic signal from stromal cells to B cells

3000 nm

[15] Teague et al., 2010

Negative

Cell contact was necessary for transfer

Transfer of miRNAs between cancer and endothelial cells

3000 nm & 400 nm

[2] Connor et al., 2015

Negative

Transfer of miRNA was reduced to basal levels

Lysosomes mediated transfer of cystinosin & cystinebetween mouse fibroblasts and macrophages

1000 nm

[7] Naphade et al., 2015

Negative

Decreased cysteine transfer

Transfer of DiD between NRK, CHO and HeLa cells

450 nm

[13] Schoelermann et al., 2015

Negative

Transfer of DiD was reduced

Transfer of CD40L-induced cytoplasmic and cell surface–associated material from T cells to dendritic cells

450 nm

[17] Zaccard et al., 2014

Negative

Decrease in transfer

Transfer of prion particles between mouse neuronal cells

400 nm

[4] Gousset et al., 2009

Negative

Prion transfer was entirely abolished

Transfer of cues for cell migration from endothelial cells to bronchial epithelial cells

400 nm

[18] Zani et al., 2010

Negative

Bronchial epithelial cell migration required direct cell contact with endothelial cells

Transfer of prion particles in mouse neuronal cells

400 nm

[5] Langevin et al., 2010

Negative

Prion transfer was reduced over 98%

Transfer of mitochondria from vascular smooth muscle cells to mesenchymal cells

400 nm

[16] Vallabhaneni et al., 2012

Negative

Direct cell contact was required for mitochondrial transfer

Transfer of p-glycoprotein between MCF-7 breast cancer cells

400 nm

[42] Pasquier et al., 2012

Negative

Reduced p-glycoprotein transfer

Transfer of Huntington mutant protein (Htt) aggregates in mouse neuronal cells

400 nm

[3] Costanzo et al., 2013

Negative

Htt aggregate transfer was blocked by over 95%

Transfer of contact dependent proliferation cues from astrocytes to glioma cells

400 nm

[19] Zhang and Zhang, 2015

Negative

Decreased transfer of molecular cues

Transfer of mCherry from senescent cells to NK cells

400 nm

[1] Biran et al., 2015

Negative

mCherry transfer was reduced

Transfer of soluble amino acids between bacterial cells

200 nm

[9] Pande et al., 2015

Negative

Amino acid transfer was entirely blocked

Mitochondrial transfer in MDA-MB231, OVCAR3, SKOV3 and MCF-7 cells

NA

[42] Pasquier et al., 2013

Negative

Decrease in mitochondrial transfer

  1. These experiments used transwell membrane filters with a range of pore sizes to separate two populations of cells, in order to demonstrate cellular transfer that was dependent on cell contact by any means (including TNTs)