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Fig. 4 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 4

From: CRAMP deficiency leads to a pro-inflammatory phenotype and impaired phagocytosis after exposure to bacterial meningitis pathogens

Fig. 4

a-e. Lower expression of anti-inflammatory mediators and marker of M2 phenotype in CRAMP-deficient microglia. Microglial cells from CRAMP-KO or wild-type (WT) mice were incubated with bacterial supernatants of Gram-positive S. pneumoniae (SP) or Gram-negative N. meningitidis (NM) and bacterial cell wall components lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan (PGN) for 24 h. mRNA expression of Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA; a), Haem Oxigenase 1 (HO-1; b), Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2; c), CCL3 (d) and Arginase-1 (Arg-1; e) were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Data were assessed from five independent experiments in duplicate. Statistical significance is marked as * - p < 0.05; ** - p < 0.01; *** - p < 0.001** (two-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni’s multiple-comparison test)

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