Table 2 Echocardiographic parameters
From: Succinate causes pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through GPR91 activation
Parameter | Control (n = 3) | Succinate (n = 3) | GPR91−/−(n = 4) | GPR91−/− + suc (n =3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiac output (mL/min) | 13.09 ± 1.19 | 13.02 ± 0.46 | 10.64 ± 0.55 | 9.18 ± 1.29 |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 44.33 ± 0.35 | 57.37 ± 0.77* | 38.17 ± 1.4 | 52.9 ± 4.7& |
LV fraction shortening (%) | 21.51 ± 0.23 | 29.86 ± 0.23* | 18.05 ± 0,70 | 26.14 ± 2.97& |
Interventricular septal | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Dimension (diastole, mm) | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.03 | 0.57 ± 0.05 | 0.58 ± 0.01 |
LVd (μL) | 3.71 ± 0.03 | 3.54 ± 0.04 | 3.72 ± 0.1 | 3.25 ± 0.12& |
LV posterior wall (systole, mm) | 0.64 ± 0.09 | 1.05 ± 0.07* | 0.80 ± 0.02 | 0.75 ± 0.12 |
LV systolic volume (μL) | 32.65 ± 0.65 | 22.13 ± 0.87# | 31.43 ± 3.44 | 17.76 ± 1.36## |
Stroke volume (μl) | 25.42 ± 1.01 | 30.56 ± 0.79 | 22.88 ± 1.22 | 20.67 ± 2.41 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 501.2 ± 31 | 426.1 ± 13 | 470.7 ± 11 | 434.6 ± 11.6 |