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Table 1 IRS expression in human cancer

From: Expression and function of the insulin receptor substrate proteins in cancer

Cancer Type

IRS

Expression

Notes

Ref(s)

Breast

↑ IRS-1

Well differentiated primary tumors

[41, 43]

 

↑ IRS-1

Nuclear IRS-1 correlates with good prognosis

[46]

 

↓ IRS-1

Poorly differentiated, high grade tumors

[45, 46]

Hepatocellular

↑ IRS-1

mRNA/protein increased in HCC

[38, 39]

 

↑ IRS-2

mRNA/protein increased in HCC

[38, 39]

 

↑ IRS-4

mRNA increased in HCC

[39]

Lung

↓ IRS-1

Larger (stage 1B) tumors, squamous cell carcinoma

[47]

Medulloblastoma

↑ IRS-1

Co-localized with polyoma JCV T-antigen in nucleus

[42]

Mesothelioma

↑ IRS-1

mRNA increased in malignant pleural mesothelioma

[37]

 

↑ IRS-2

mRNA increased in malignant pleural mesothelioma

[37]

Ovarian

↑ IRS-1

Protein increased in malignant epithelial tumors

[44]

Pancreatic

↑ IRS-1

mRNA increased in 7/16 tumors

[34]

 

↑ IRS-2

mRNA/protein increased in ductal-like cancer cells

[35]

Prostate

↑ IRS-1

Protein increased in tumors and metastases

[36]

 

↑ IRS-2

Protein correlates with increased Myc expression

[40]

Renal

↑ IRS-2

mRNA increased in clear cell carcinomas

[48]

 

↑ IRS-5

mRNA increased in clear cell carcinomas

[48]