From: Expression and function of the insulin receptor substrate proteins in cancer
Cancer Type | IRS Expression | Notes | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Breast | ↑ IRS-1 | Well differentiated primary tumors | |
 | ↑ IRS-1 | Nuclear IRS-1 correlates with good prognosis | [46] |
 | ↓ IRS-1 | Poorly differentiated, high grade tumors | |
Hepatocellular | ↑ IRS-1 | mRNA/protein increased in HCC | |
 | ↑ IRS-2 | mRNA/protein increased in HCC | |
 | ↑ IRS-4 | mRNA increased in HCC | [39] |
Lung | ↓ IRS-1 | Larger (stage 1B) tumors, squamous cell carcinoma | [47] |
Medulloblastoma | ↑ IRS-1 | Co-localized with polyoma JCV T-antigen in nucleus | [42] |
Mesothelioma | ↑ IRS-1 | mRNA increased in malignant pleural mesothelioma | [37] |
 | ↑ IRS-2 | mRNA increased in malignant pleural mesothelioma | [37] |
Ovarian | ↑ IRS-1 | Protein increased in malignant epithelial tumors | [44] |
Pancreatic | ↑ IRS-1 | mRNA increased in 7/16 tumors | [34] |
 | ↑ IRS-2 | mRNA/protein increased in ductal-like cancer cells | [35] |
Prostate | ↑ IRS-1 | Protein increased in tumors and metastases | [36] |
 | ↑ IRS-2 | Protein correlates with increased Myc expression | [40] |
Renal | ↑ IRS-2 | mRNA increased in clear cell carcinomas | [48] |
 | ↑ IRS-5 | mRNA increased in clear cell carcinomas | [48] |