Figure 1
From: Cell adhesion and intracellular calcium signaling in neurons
Schematic representation of the possible mechanisms utilized by CAMs to induce an increase in the intracellular Ca2+levels. IgSF CAMs (A), cadherins (B), and integrins (C) can influence intracellular Ca2+ levels by inducing intracellular signaling cascades converging on VDCCs or inducing Ca2+ release from the internal stores (solid arrows). Known intermediate enzymes involved are also shown. Dashed arrows represent proposed pathways, which have not been experimentally analyzed yet. See text for details and references. FGFR - fibroblast growth factor receptor; VDCC - voltage dependent calcium channels with α1, α2, β, γ, and δ denoting the subunits of VDCC; Gα, Gβ, and Gγ - subunits of the G-protein; PLC - phospholipase C; DAG - diacylycerol; AA - arachidonic acid; PKC - protein kinase C; Src - Src-family tyrosine kinase; PKA - protein kinase A; CaMKII - calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II; PIP2 - phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate; IP3 - inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; IP3R - inositol triphosphate receptor; PKA - protein kinase A; RhoA – Ras homolog gene family A; RyR - ryanodine receptor; ER - endoplasmic reticulum.